Ficus
Ficus elastica
By Franz Eugen Köhler, Köhler's Medizinal-Pflanzen (List of Koehler Images) [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons
Ficus altissima
By KENPEI (KENPEI's photo) [GFDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html), CC-BY-SA-3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/) or CC-BY-SA-2.1-jp (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.1/jp/deed.en)], via Wikimedia Commons
Familia Moraceae
Fiind in majoritatea lor originare din tinuturi calde, respectiv padurile tropicale ale Indiei de Est, precum si din Australia, speciile de ficus pretind incaperi calde, chiar si iarna. Mai putin pretentioase in acest sens sunt Ficus australis care poate fi pastrata in incaperi mai reci si Ficus carica, specie ce-si poate petrece iarna si in pivnita sau alte incaperi ferite de inghet.
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Ficus elastica
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Ficus elastica
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Ficus carica
By Burgkirsch (de.Wikipedia) [CC-BY-SA-1.0], via Wikimedia Commons
Caldura nu trebuie sa fie prea mare nici la speciile tropicale, deoarece la temperatura ridicata frunzele isi pierd din prospetimea lor, dar nici prea scazuta, pentru ca stagneaza om crestere si formeaza frunze mici. Temperatura cea mai potrivita este de circa 14-16 grade Celsius.
Udatul trebuie facut cu multa prudenta mai ales daca plantele stau la temperaturi sub 10-12 grade Celsius. Iarna pamantul se uda numai cand este absoluta nevoie, deoarece apa multa poate provoca imbolnavirea radacinilor si caderea frunzelor.
In perioada de iarna este recomandabil ca pe cat posibil umiditatea din sol sa fie pertial suplinita de udatul des pe frunze. Vara, plantele se uda si se ingrasa cu ingrasaminte lichide organice sau minerale, la 10-15 zile o data, In acest anotimp, ficusul este bine sa fie scos afara si asezat in locuri usor umbrite. Ficus elastica si Ficus carica pot suporta si locurile insorite, mai ales daca plantele sunt stropite mai des pe frunte.
De multe ori se intampla ca frunzele sa cada, desi plantele nu au fost gresit udate. Cauzele ar putea fi alternarea brusca a luminii prin mutarea plantelor de la un loc la altul sau chiar numai rasucirea pe loc a vasului, intorcand partea dispre fereastra spre lumina si invers. De asemenea, o cauza a caderii frunzelor de ficus este si expunerea plantelor la curent de aer prea puternic.
Ficusii se transplanteaza la 2-3 ani o dara, iar exemplarele mici in plina crestere, anual sau pe masura cresterii volumului radacinilor.
Pamantul folosit se poate compune din pamant de frunze in proportie mai mare, mranita, pamant de telina si nisip. pana la prinderea radacinilor, plantele se tin la 20 grade Celsius. Se uda bine imediat dupa plantare, dra in urmatoarele zile nu se mai uda decat daca s-a zvantat complet pamantul.
Inmultirea la ficus se poate face din butasii din varf sau din portiuni mici de tulpina (chiar numai cu un mugure la speciile arborescente si cu 3-4 muguri la cele cu crestere pletoasa).
Pentru inradacinare este nevoie de 25-30 de grade Celsius si multa umiditate atmosferica.
Inradacinarea poate fi facuta in ghivece cu nisip sau amestec usor din turba si nisip in patul inmultitor sau chiar in sticle sau vase cu apa in care se tine butasul inmuiat cu baza. Ca si butasii de la speciile de Euphorbia, latexul de la baza butasului trebuie indepartat inainte de plantare fie prin radere dupa coagularea in aer, fie prin inmuierea butasilor in apa calda timp de 10-15 minute. Butasii inradacinati trebuie plantati pentru inceput in pamanturi mai usoare.
Ficus australis, Newcastle, New South Wales, 29 September 1834
Cea mai comuna specie in apartamente este Ficus elastica, originara din India. Cu scop decorativ mai pot fi folosite si alte specii ca Ficus australis, cu frunze mici, usor paroase si roscate pe partea interioara; Ficus lyrata (din Africa de Vest); Ficus carica, specie de la care se consuma gustoasele smochine. Dintre speciile cu frunze mici pot fi cultivate Ficus quercifolia si Ficus stipulata, o specie agatatoare.
Ficus lyrata
Ficus altissima
By Greenunionzoa (Own work) [CC-BY-SA-3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)], via Wikimedia Commons
Ficus abutilifolia
By Karen Wiebe (Own work) [GFDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html) or CC-BY-SA-3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)], via Wikimedia Commons
Ficus abutilifolia
By JMK (Own work) [GFDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html) or CC-BY-SA-3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)], via Wikimedia Commons
Ficus religiosa
English: The Sacred Fig (Ficus religiosa) or Bo-Tree or (bn: Ashathha).
By Biswarup Ganguly (Own work) [GFDL or CC-BY-3.0], via Wikimedia Commons
Ficus elastica, Locatie: Maui, Haiku
Ficus elastica
By 4028mdk09 (Own work) [CC-BY-SA-3.0], via Wikimedia Commons
Ficus macrophylla, Locatie: Maui, Hamakuapoko
Ficus pumila, Locatie: Maui, Kula Ace Hardware and Nursery
Ficus pumila
By Vinayaraj (Own work) [CC-BY-SA-3.0], via Wikimedia Commons
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Ficus pumila
By RaeA (http://flickr.com/photos/raeallen/10438699/) [CC-BY-SA-2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
Ficus pumila
By Vengolis (Own work) [CC-BY-SA-3.0], via Wikimedia Commons
Ficus pumila
Ficus pumila, Locatie: Maui, Kihei
Ficus pumila, The Vorontsovsky Palace in Alupka, the Crimea, Ukraine.
By Asta (Own work) [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons
Ficus microcarpa
By KENPEI (KENPEI's photo) [GFDL, CC-BY-SA-3.0 or CC-BY-SA-2.1-jp], via Wikimedia Commons
Ficus auriculata - Serres d'Auteuil - Jardin botanique de la Ville de Paris - France
By Salix (Own work) [CC-BY-SA-3.0], via Wikimedia Commons
Ficus auriculata, Serres d'Auteuil - Jardin botanique de la Ville de Paris - France
By Salix (Own work) [CC-BY-SA-3.0], via Wikimedia Commons
Ficus auriculata (Lour.), Himalaya-Feige, Moraceae
By Koppchen (Own work) [CC-BY-SA-3.0], via Wikimedia Commons
Ficus auriculata (Lour.), Himalaya-Feige, Moraceae
By Koppchen (Own work) [CC-BY-SA-3.0], via Wikimedia Commons
Ficus altissima
By കാക്കര (Own work) [CC-BY-SA-3.0], via Wikimedia Commons
Ficus andicola (caucho sabanero), Ficus americana
By T-34-85 (Own work) [CC-BY-SA-3.0], via Wikimedia Commons
Ficus altissima, in Hong Kong Central Library terrace, Causeway Bay
By Greenunionzoa (Own work) [CC-BY-SA-3.0], via Wikimedia Commons
Ficus abutilifolia, Chaine de Gobnangou near Tambaga, Burkina Faso
By Marco Schmidt[1] (Own work) [CC-BY-SA-3.0], via Wikimedia Commons
Ficus exasperata
By Vinayaraj (Own work) [CC-BY-SA-3.0], via Wikimedia Commons
Ficus exasperata
By Vinayaraj (Own work) [CC-BY-SA-3.0], via Wikimedia Commons
Ficus exasperata, Kudayathoor, Kerala, India
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/17/Ficus_exasperata_by_kadavoor.jpg
Ficus arnottiana
By Vinayaraj (Own work) [CC-BY-SA-3.0], via Wikimedia Commons
Ficus arnottiana
By Vinayaraj (Own work) [CC-BY-SA-3.0], via Wikimedia Commons
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Ficus aurea (butresses). Strangler fig butresses at Rincon de la Vieja, Costa Rica
By Hans Hillewaert (Own work) [CC-BY-SA-3.0], via Wikimedia Commons
Ficus aurea
By Forest Starr and Kim Starr [CC-BY-SA-3.0], via Wikimedia Commons
Ficus aurea
English: Habit of the Florida Strangler fig (Ficus aurea) — in Florida.
Ficus aurea
A Strangler Fig (Ficus aurea / Moraceae) had strangled a Sabal Palmetto tree located in the Mounts Botanical Garden, West Palm Beach, Florida.
By Asit K. Ghosh Thaumaturgist (Own work) [CC-BY-SA-3.0 or GFDL], via Wikimedia Commons
Ficus Barbata, 'Strangler Fig', 'Bearded Fig'
By കാക്കര (Own work) [CC-BY-SA-3.0], via Wikimedia Commons
Ficus Barbata, 'Strangler Fig', 'Bearded Fig'
Ficus battieri bonsai at the BBG, August 2, 2008
A Ficus battieri bonsai on display at the Brooklyn Botanic Garden. This tree was developed by the garden's former bonsai curator Frank Okamura.
By Ragesoss (Own work) [CC-BY-SA-3.0 or GFDL], via Wikimedia Commons
English: Ficus benjamina (habit with Laysan albatross). Location: Midway Atoll, Gym Sand Island
Ficus benjamina, Teneriffe
Ficus benjamina
English: Ficus benjamina with nesting White Terns. Location: Midway Atoll, 4208 Commodore Ave Sand Island
Ficus coronata, (cultivated, labelled) Maranoa Gardens, Balwyn, Victoria, Australia
By Melburnian (Own work (digital photograph by author)) [CC-BY-SA-3.0 or GFDL], via Wikimedia Commons
Ficus citrifolia
By Riba (Own work) [GFDL or CC-BY-SA-3.0-2.5-2.0-1.0], via Wikimedia Commons
Ficus insipida
English: Amate tree growing in near Juxtlahuaca, Guerrero, Mexico.
By Not home at en.wikipedia [Public domain], from Wikimedia Commons
Ficus fistulosa
By me (cychk) (上傳者自己的作品 (own work)) [GFDL or CC-BY-SA-3.0-2.5-2.0-1.0], via Wikimedia Commons
Ficus nervosa
By Vinayaraj (Own work) [CC-BY-SA-3.0], via Wikimedia Commons
Ficus obliqua, Boorganna Nature Reserve, Australia
By Poyt448 Peter Woodard (Own work) [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons
Ficus obliqua
English: Ficus obliqua, measured at 38 metres tall, Thunderbolts Way, Bretti Nature Reserve, NSW, Australia
By Poyt448 Peter Woodard (Own work) [CC-BY-SA-3.0], via Wikimedia Commons
Ficus obliqua, in Israel
נתרם במרכז להב"ה טירת כרמל עי, קתי שלוסר Pikiwiki Israel [CC-BY-2.5], via Wikimedia Commons
Ficus watkinsiana
By Poyt448 Peter Woodard (Own work) [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons
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